北醫，舞台，聽選翻思

l   changes in cognitive function outperformed biomarkers for predicting conversion from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to Alzheimer's disease (AD).

l   several comprehensive reviews have demonstrated the predictive power of various biomarkers, and in particular amyloid beta1-42 and tau, in identifying an individual's likelihood of progressing to AD.

l   For example, it is known that cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of amyloid beta1-42 and total tau can discriminate between healthy individuals and those with MCI. Neuroimaging studies have shown that hippocampal atrophy is a key brain volume biomarker and is also a predictor of conversion from MCI to AD.

l   "cognitive markers, especially those involving memory after a delay and, to a lesser extent, executive function, are robust predictors of MCI to AD conversion."

l   "It's not as if the biological markers aren't important," Dr. Albert said, "but you can gain so much more accuracy if you have the cognitive measures and the functional measures in addition."